UK joins 2019 Hague Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Judgments
Following ratification in June 2024, the United Kingdom will today (1st July 2025) join the 2019 Hague Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Judgments in Civil or Commercial Matters. This marks a significant development in cross-border legal
Debt Recovery in Indonesia: practical guidance for creditors
Indonesia stands as a leading economic force in Southeast Asia, and its trajectory points even higher. Currently ranked as the world’s 10th largest economy by purchasing power parity (PPP), it is projected to become the fourth largest by 2050, according
Kenya: A Strategic Gateway for Exporters into Africa
Kenya stands out as one of Africa’s most promising destinations for exporters. As the fourth largest economy in sub-Saharan Africa with a population of over 54 million, Kenya offers attractive opportunities for businesses seeking to access and grow in
Arbitration law reform in the UK
History Arbitration in the UK has deep roots, with its statutory foundation beginning in the Arbitration Act 1698, which allowed courts to enforce arbitration agreements. Over the centuries, arbitration evolved from informal commercial dispute resolution to a formalized
The Philippines: Economic Snapshot and Recoveries Legal Landscape
Background The Philippines, an archipelago of over 7,600 islands, is home to more than 115 million people and stands out as one of East Asia’s most dynamic economies. Over the past decade, its GDP has grown by an average of
The Autonomy of Letters of Credit – a cautionary tale for exporters
Letters of Credit (LCs) are a cornerstone of international trade—independent, irrevocable, and documentary in nature, they can provide exporters with a secure and widely trusted method of payment. The use of LCs is governed by the Uniform Customs & Practice
Trading with Pakistan: Risks, Remedies, and Recovery Strategies
Pakistan, a developing country in South Asia, is the world’s fifth-most populous nation, with over 247 million people as of 2023 (World Bank). With a young and expanding population driving demand for goods, exporters may find Pakistan an appealing market.
Vietnam at 50: Opportunities, Challenges, and Recovery Strategies for Exporters
This year marks 50 years since Vietnam became a unified country and three decades of bitter wars came to an end. The intervening years have seen Vietnam go from being one of the world’s poorest nations to a middle-income economy
US Executive Order Puts South Africa’s Trade and Economy Under Pressure
A recent executive order signed by US President Donald Trump has cast uncertainty over South Africa’s economic future, particularly its participation in the African Growth and Opportunities Act (AGOA). While AGOA has not been explicitly revoked, its